Why classification is necessary to us???
It is expected to be 10 to 100 million species in the world, but only about 1.7 million has been identified and described. And also we know that plants and animals in our own area by their local names, these local names would variey from place to even within a country therefore a standardize naming of organism has been done so that particular organism is known by same name all over the world, this process is called
Nomenclature OR
Naming.
Each organism is recognized by scientific name throughout the world this was established by:
- I.C.B.N- International code of Botanical nomenclature. (For plants).
-
I.C.Z.N- International code of zoological nomenclature. (For animals).
What do you mean by binomial nomenclature???
The scientific name of an organism consist of two components namely:
- Generic name (Genus)
- Specific epithet (Species)
Such a system is called
Binomial nomenclature. And it was proposed by
Carollus Linneas. And carollus linneas described and arranged several organism and published in a book called
Systama naturae.
For example – The scientific name of Mango is Mangifera indica, In this name Mangifera is the Genus name, And indica is the species name.
General rules of Nomenclature
- Biological names are generally in Latin and return in Italics, They are Latinize or derived from Latin irrespective of their origin.
- The first is be Genus and the second name is the species(specific epithet).
Ex: Genus- Mangifera.
Species- indica.
- Both the names when handwritten separately underline or printed in italic to indicate their Latin origin.
- The Genus name starts with a Capital letter, while the species name with a small letter.
Ex: Homo sapiens.
- Name of the scientist who described these written in abbreviated form after the species name.
Ex: Mangifera indica, linn.
These are the general rules of Nomenclature used in while writing the scientific name of an organism.
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