A group of organism that have common character is called a Category. Each category is referred as unit of classification and commonly termed as Taxon. or represent a rank . All the taxonomic category together constitutes Taxonomic hierarchy. And lowest category is the Species. Arrangement of organism in various category based on the knowledge of similar character or dissimilar character of an individual organism or group of organism.
The important Taxonomic categories are :
Kingdom
Phylum/Division
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Ex: Mangifera indica- Mango
Solanum tuborosum- Potato
In the above example indica , tuborosum , represent the species.
Ex : 1. Solanum tuborosum
Solanum nigram
In both these plants several common characters are present therefore they included in same Genus ‘Solanum’.
2. Panthera leo –Lion
Panthera tigris -Tiger
Panthera parbs – Leopard
In these animals several common characters are present therefore they included in same Genus ‘Panthera’.
Ex : 1. Solanum ,Datura ,Petunia , plants of different Genus with less number of similarities included in the Family ‘Solanesi’
2. In animals Panthera ,Felis , belongs to different Genus with less number of similarities included in the Family ‘Felidae’.
Ex : Families like Sonanesi ,Convolvulace, are included in Order ‘Polymoniales’ based on floral characters.
Based on the common characters like Notochord and Dorsal hollow neural system.
All plants belongs to different Division included in the Kingdom ‘Plantae’.
The important Taxonomic categories are :
7. SPECIES :
A group of individual organism with fundamental similarity is known as species.Ex: Mangifera indica- Mango
Solanum tuborosum- Potato
In the above example indica , tuborosum , represent the species.
6. GENUS :
A group of related species with more characters common is called Genus.Ex : 1. Solanum tuborosum
Solanum nigram
In both these plants several common characters are present therefore they included in same Genus ‘Solanum’.
2. Panthera leo –Lion
Panthera tigris -Tiger
Panthera parbs – Leopard
In these animals several common characters are present therefore they included in same Genus ‘Panthera’.
5. FAMILY :
A group of related Genus with still less number of similarities is called Family.Ex : 1. Solanum ,Datura ,Petunia , plants of different Genus with less number of similarities included in the Family ‘Solanesi’
2. In animals Panthera ,Felis , belongs to different Genus with less number of similarities included in the Family ‘Felidae’.
4. ORDER :
A group of related Families which exhibit a few similar characters is called Order.Ex : Families like Sonanesi ,Convolvulace, are included in Order ‘Polymoniales’ based on floral characters.
3. CLASS :
A group of related Orders is included in the Taxonomic category Class.Ex : In animals Order Primata (Monkey), and Order Carnivora (Tiger), are included in the class ‘Mammalia’.
Based on the presence of mammary gland.
2. PHYLUM :
A group of related classes that includes animal like Pisces ,Amphibians ,Reptiles ,Aves ,along with Mammals included in the Phylum ‘ Chordata ’.Based on the common characters like Notochord and Dorsal hollow neural system.
1. KINGDOM :
All animals belongs to various Phylum are included in the category called Kingdom ‘Animalia’.All plants belongs to different Division included in the Kingdom ‘Plantae’.
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